/* -- Button hover states -- */
.hero-btn-primary {
    transition: filter 0.2s ease, transform 0.15s ease;
}
.hero-btn-primary:hover,
.hero-btn-primary:focus {
    filter: brightness(1.12);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.hero-btn-outline-secondary {
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.15s ease;
}
.hero-btn-outline-secondary:hover,
.hero-btn-outline-secondary:focus {
    background-color: var(--bs-secondary) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
    border-color: var(--bs-secondary) !important;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.hero-btn-outline-primary-light {
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.15s ease;
}
.hero-btn-outline-primary-light:hover,
.hero-btn-outline-primary-light:focus {
    background-color: var(--bs-primary) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
    border-color: var(--bs-primary) !important;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}
/* Layout only — colors stay in Blade utilities */

.borderline-editorial__kicker {
  max-width: 36rem;
}

.borderline-editorial__rule {
  width: 2.5rem;
  height: 2px;
}

.borderline-editorial__body {
  min-width: 0;
}

.borderline-editorial__stamp {
  width: 7rem;
  align-self: stretch;
  min-height: 6rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .borderline-editorial__stamp {
    width: 11rem;
    min-height: 8rem;
  }
}

.borderline-editorial__stamp-pattern {
  background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(
    -45deg,
    transparent,
    transparent 5px,
    rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb), 0.1) 5px,
    rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb), 0.1) 6px
  );
}

.borderline-editorial__stamp-ring {
  width: 4.5rem;
  height: 4.5rem;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  margin-top: -2.25rem;
  margin-left: -2.25rem;
  background: conic-gradient(
    from 0deg,
    rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb), 0.55),
    rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb), 0.05) 120deg,
    rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb), 0.45) 240deg,
    rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb), 0.05)
  );
  animation: borderline-editorial-ring-spin 10s linear infinite;
  mask: radial-gradient(circle, transparent 58%, black 60%);
  -webkit-mask: radial-gradient(circle, transparent 58%, black 60%);
}

.borderline-editorial__stamp--1 .borderline-editorial__stamp-ring {
  animation-duration: 12s;
  animation-direction: reverse;
}

.borderline-editorial__stamp--2 .borderline-editorial__stamp-ring {
  animation-duration: 8s;
}

.borderline-editorial__stamp-date {
  writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
}

.borderline-editorial__excerpt {
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

@keyframes borderline-editorial-ring-spin {
  to {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .borderline-editorial__stamp-ring {
    animation: none;
  }
}

.orbit-column-badge {
    width: 2.5rem;
    height: 2.5rem;
}

.orbit-column-panel {
    height: 700px;
}

.orbit-column-cloud-top {
    width: 24rem;
    height: 24rem;
}

.orbit-column-cloud-bottom {
    width: 20rem;
    height: 20rem;
}

.orbit-column-ring-main {
    width: 24rem;
    height: 24rem;
    animation-duration: 20s;
}

.orbit-column-ring-side {
    width: 20rem;
    height: 20rem;
    animation-duration: 30s;
    animation-direction: reverse;
}

.orbit-column-ring-tail {
    width: 22rem;
    height: 22rem;
    animation-duration: 25s;
}

.orbit-column-ring-main,
.orbit-column-ring-side,
.orbit-column-ring-tail {
    animation-name: orbit-column__spin;
    animation-timing-function: linear;
    animation-iteration-count: infinite;
}

@keyframes orbit-column__spin {
    to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* quote — featured academic quote + supporting cards */

/* serif lead + drop-cap. BS has no font-serif utility; font-family here is allowed (it is not a color) */
.quote-essay__lead {
    font-family: ui-serif, Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
}

.quote-essay__lead::first-letter {
    float: left;
    font-size: 3.25rem;
    line-height: 0.8;
    padding-right: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* author avatar: fixed size + cover (neither has a BS utility) */
.quote-essay__avatar {
    width: 3.5rem;
    height: 3.5rem;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.quote-essay__glow {
    width: 16rem;
    height: 16rem;
    filter: blur(64px);
}

/* stepping-stone offset rhythm on supporting cards — layout only */
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
    .quote-essay__step:nth-child(odd) {
        transform: translateY(0.75rem);
    }
    .quote-essay__step:nth-child(even) {
        transform: translateY(-0.25rem);
    }
}
/* hover + focus affordances (layout/outline via theme token) */
@media (hover: hover) {
    .quote-essay-root [role="listitem"]:hover,
    .quote-essay-root article:hover,
    .quote-essay-root [class*="quote-essay__card"]:hover,
    .quote-essay-root .quote-essay__book:hover,
    .quote-essay-root .quote-essay__step:hover,
    .quote-essay-root .quote-essay__index-card:hover,
    .quote-essay-root .quote-essay__pill:hover,
    .quote-essay-root .quote-essay__item:hover {
        transform: translateY(-0.125rem);
    }
}

.quote-essay-root [role="listitem"],
.quote-essay-root article,
.quote-essay-root [class*="quote-essay__card"],
.quote-essay-root .quote-essay__book,
.quote-essay-root .quote-essay__step,
.quote-essay-root .quote-essay__index-card,
.quote-essay-root .quote-essay__pill {
    transition: transform 200ms ease;
}

.quote-essay-root a:focus-visible,
.quote-essay-root button:focus-visible,
.quote-essay-root [tabindex="0"]:focus-visible,
.quote-essay-root input:focus-visible,
.quote-essay-root summary:focus-visible,
.quote-essay-root [role="slider"]:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--bs-primary);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

@media (hover: hover) {
    .quote-essay-root button:hover,
    .quote-essay-root a:hover,
    .quote-essay-root summary:hover {
        opacity: 0.92;
    }
}

.classic-rail-timeline__line {
    width: 2px;
    left: 2rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .classic-rail-timeline__line {
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }
}

.classic-rail-timeline__dot {
    width: 1rem;
    height: 1rem;
    left: 2rem;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .classic-rail-timeline__dot {
        left: 50%;
        transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    }
}

.classic-rail-timeline__content {
    margin-left: 5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .classic-rail-timeline__content {
        margin-left: 0;
        width: 50%;
    }

    .classic-rail-timeline__content--start {
        padding-right: 2.5rem;
    }

    .classic-rail-timeline__content--end {
        padding-left: 2.5rem;
    }

    .classic-rail-timeline__row--reverse {
        flex-direction: row-reverse;
    }
}

/* subscribe v20 — split-screen editorial: geometry shared by both CSS frameworks, no colors */
.mxw-md {
    max-width: 28rem !important;
}

.mailing-split-collage__media {
    width: 100%;
    height: 18rem;
}

.mailing-split-collage__panel {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 2rem;
}

.mailing-split-collage__row {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.mailing-split-collage__input {
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
}

.mailing-split-collage__cta {
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
}

.mailing-split-collage__thanks-title {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
}

.mailing-split-collage__heading {
    writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
    .mailing-split-collage__row {
        flex-direction: row;
    }
}

/* vertical headline only from md+, where the panel becomes a side column */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .mailing-split-collage__grid {
        min-height: 36rem;
    }

    .mailing-split-collage__media,
    .mailing-split-collage__panel {
        width: 50%;
    }

    .mailing-split-collage__media {
        height: auto;
    }

    .mailing-split-collage__panel {
        padding: 3rem;
    }

    .mailing-split-collage__heading {
        writing-mode: vertical-rl;
        font-size: 1.875rem;
    }
}